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UTB Weitere Titel dieses Verlages anzeigen
| Inhaltsverzeichnis | ||
| Vorwort | 8 | |
| Abkürzungsverzeichnis | 10 | |
| 1 Einführung | ||
| Weiterführende Literatur.............. 15 Empfohlene Lehrbücher zur Allgemeinen | ||
| Botanik: | 16 | |
| 2 Zell- und Gewebeebene | ||
| 2.1 Aufbau der Zelle und | ||
| Zellorganellen | 17 | |
| 2.1.1 | Molekulare Organisation | 17 |
| 2.1.2 Die Vakuole - Speicherraum und | ||
| Hydroskelett | 22 | |
| 2.1.3 | Zellkern und Zellteilung | 25 |
| 2.1.4 | Cytoplasma | 29 |
| 2.1.5 Bau und Funktion von Chloroplas- | ||
| ten als Orte der Photosynthese | 30 | |
| 2.1.6 Mitochondrien : Orte der Atmung | ||
| und Stoffwechseldrehscheibe | 41 | |
| 2.1.7 Zellwandbildung und Zellwand- | ||
| aufbau | 46 | |
| 3 Organebene | ||
| 3.1 Blatttypen, Blattdifferen- | ||
| zierung und Gaswechsel | 83 | |
| 3.1.1 | Das Blatt und seine Differenzierung | 83 |
| 3.1.2 | Blatt-Metamorphosen | 94 |
| 3.1.3 Der Blatt-Gaswechsel und seine | ||
| Abhängigkeit von Umweltfaktoren | 94 | |
| 3.2 Der Stamm und seine | ||
| strukturelle Differenzierung .. ioo | ||
| 3.2.1 Funktionelle Anatomie des Nadel- | ||
| baum-Stammes | 100 | |
| 2.2 | Zell- und Gewebetypen | 53 |
| 2.2.1 Meristeme als Ursprung von | ||
| Geweben | 53 | |
| 2.2.2 | Dauergewebe | 59 |
| 2.3 Molekularbiologie der | ||
| Holzpflanzen | 69 | |
| 2.3.1 | Genregulation durch DNA | 69 |
| 2.3.2 | Systembiologie | 72 |
| 2.3.3 | Biotechnologie der Bäume | 75 |
| 3.2.2 Funktionelle Anatomie des | ||
| Laubbaum-Stammes | 105 | |
| 3.2.3 | Regulation der Holzbildung | 109 |
| 3.2.4 | Splintholz und Kernholz | 112 |
| 3.2.5 | Physiologie der Kernholzbildung | 114 |
| 3.2.6 | Sonderformen der Holzbildung | 116 |
| 3.2.7 Stamm- und Spross-Metamor- | ||
| phosen | 118 | |
| 3.3 Die Wurzel und ihre | ||
| strukturelle Differenzierung | 119 | |
| 3.3.1 | Anatomie der Wurzel | 119 |
| 3.3.2 Sekundäres Dickenwachstum der | ||
| Wurzel | 122 | |
| 3.3.3 | Symbiosen | 123 |
| 3.3.4 Wurzelatmung und Wurzel- | ||
| exsudate | 127 | |
| 3.3.5 | Wurzel-Metamorphosen | 128 |
| 3.4 Blüten, Samen, Früchte, | ||
| Keimung | 128 | |
| 3.4.1 | Blüten und Samen | 128 |
| 3.4.2 | Früchte | 134 |
| 3.4.3 Embryo, Keimling, Keimung, | ||
| Stratifizierung | 135 | |
| 3.4.4 Coevolution Pflanze und Tier --------138 | ||
| 4 Ebene der gesamten Pflanze | ||
| 4.1 Kronen- und Wurzel- | ||
| architektur | 141 | |
| 4.1.1 Verzweigungsentwicklung und | ||
| Kronenarchitektur | 141 | |
| 4.1.2 | Wurzelarchitektur | 151 |
| 4.2 Langstreckentransport | ||
| in Bäumen | 154 | |
| 4.2.1 | Wassertransport in Bäumen | 154 |
| 4.2.2 | Transport von Assimilaten | 172 |
| 4.2.3 Grundprinzipien des Langstrecken- | ||
| transports von Wasser, Kohlenstoff | ||
| und Stickstoff auf der Ebene der | ||
| ganzen Pflanze | 185 | |
| 4.2.4 Elektrische Langstreckensignale in | ||
| Bäumen | 187 | |
| 4.3 Allokation, Allometrie und | ||
| Konkurrenzverhalten | 196 | |
| 4.4 | Ernährungsphysiologie | 207 |
| 4.5 Kohlenstoffbilanz und Sauer- | ||
| stoffproduktion | 220 | |
| 4.6 Stoffbilanzen immergrüner und | ||
| wechselgrüner Bäume | 224 | |
| 4.7 Prinzipien der Baumontogenie: | ||
| Begrenzung in Größe und Alter | 229 | |
| 4.8 Stress und Stressreaktionen | ||
| in Holzpflanzen | 233 | |
| 4.8.1 | Troposphärisches Ozon | 234 |
| 4.8.2 Trockene und Nasse Deposition | ||
| auf Pflanzenoberflächen | 237 | |
| 4.8.3 | Trockenheit | 239 |
| 4.8.4 | Überflutung und Staunässe | 244 |
| 4.8.5 | Hitze und Kälte | 247 |
| 4.8.6 | Schwermetalle | 250 |
| 4.8.7 | Feuer - Fluch oder Segen? | 252 |
| 4.8.8 Konkurrenz - eine Form von | ||
| biotischem Stress | 253 | |
| 4.8.9 | Pathogene und Herbivorie | 257 |
| 4.8.10 Symbiose - eine Sonderform | ||
| von Parasitismus oder Räuber- | ||
| Beutebeziehung? | 258 | |
| 4.9 | Vegetative Vermehrung | 262 |
| 5 Bestands- und Ökosystemebene | ||
| Strahlung und Photosynthese | ||
| auf Bestandsebene.......... | ||
| Brutto-/Netto-Primär- | ||
| produktion und Ökosystem- | ||
| produktivität | 277 | |
| Transpiration und Wasserbilanz | ||
| auf Systemebene | 284 | |
5.1 | ||
| 267 | ||
5.2 | ||
| 5.3 | ||
| 5.4 Rein- versus Mischbestand: | ||
| Produktivität, Wasserver- | ||
| brauch, Risiken | 291 | |
| 5.5 | Stofflüsse auf Systemebene | 297 |
| 5.5.1 | Der Bestand als Super-Organismus? | 304 |
| 5. Ursachen von Wald- und | ||
| Baumgrenzen | 30 | |
| Globale Ebene: Holzpflanzen als dominierende Lebensform | ||
| Globale Verteilung und Nutzung 6.7 Holz als Kohlenstoffspeicher | 328 | |
| der Sonnenstrahlung ......... 312 „ Ä ^ . . | ||
| 6.8 Funktion der Holznutzung: | ||
| Netto-Primärproduktion Holzprodukte als Kohlenstoff- | ||
| der Holzpflanzensysteme und senke | 329 | |
| Kohlenstoff-Vorräte.......... 313 ^ ... | ||
| 6.9 Die globalen Kreislaufe | ||
| Was versteht man unter des Stickstoffs, Schwefels und | ||
| Biogeochemie?............... 316 Phosphors | 329 | |
| Entstehung der Sauerstoff- 6'9'1 Der globale Stickstoff-Kreislauf | 329 | |
| Atmosphäre und Landpflanzen 318 6'9'2 Der globale Schwefel-Kreislauf | 333 | |
| 6.9.3 | Der globale Phosphor-Kreislauf | 334 |
| Globaler Kohlenstoff-Kreislauf ^ ^ _ . , . . . _ . | ||
| und Global Change ........... 321 610 Globaler Wasserkreislauf und | ||
| Anteil der Vegetationstypen | 335 | |
| Senkt chronische Ozon- ^....... | ||
| belastung die C-Senkenstärke 6-n Holzpflanzensysteme im Fokus | ||
6.1 | ||
| 6.2 | ||
| 6.3 | ||
| 6.4 | ||
| 6.5 | ||
| 6.6 | ||
| der Wälder? 325 des Kyoto-Protokolls | 336 | |
| Schlussbetrachtung - das Erfolgsmodell Baum | ||
Sachregister | ||
| Bildquellen | ||
| 344 | ||
| 349 | ||