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Kremer, Horst Bannwarth
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    Einführung in die Laborpraxis

    Basiskompetenzen für Laborneulinge

    Einführung in die Laborpraxis
    Basiskompetenzen für Laborneulinge

    Autoren:

    Verlag:
    Springer-Verlag   Weitere Titel dieses Verlages anzeigen

    Auflage: 3., aktualisierte und erweiterte Auflage.
    Erschienen: Juni 2014
    Seiten: 264
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Preis: 24.99 €
    Illustration: zahlreiche teils farbige Abbildungen und Tabellen
    Maße: 241x155x17
    Einband: Taschenbuch
    Reihe: Springer-Lehrbuch
    Zum Buch: Book
    ISBN: 9783642543333

    Inhaltsverzeichnis

    Zu den AutorenXIII
    Teil I Basiskompetenzen
    1Bevor es losgeht: Sicherheit und Umsicht3
    1.1Verantwortung im Labor4
    1.2Grundsätze für die Laborsicherheit5
    1.3Der Arbeitsplatz im Labor7
    1.4Besondere Sicherheitshinweise8
    1.5Gefahrstoffe und Gefahrgut11
    1.6Die H-, P-, R- und S-Sätze12
    1.7Umweltaspekte und Entsorgung14
    1.8Relevante Gesetze und Verordnungen15
    2Chemikalien: Stoffe, Elemente, Verbindungen19
    2.1Elemente, Gemische, Verbindungen20
    2.2Basen, Säuren und Salze21
    2.3Alkane als Basismoleküle24
    2.4Benennung von Kohlenwasserstoffen und ihren Derivaten26
    2.5Funktionelle Gruppen schaffen Vielfalt28
    2.6Reinheits- und Qualitätsbezeichnungen34
    3Werkstoffe, Geräte, Apparaturen35
    3.1Werkstoffe35
    3.2Geräte38
    3.3Verbindungen schaffen45
    4Einheiten, Maße und Zahlen49
    4.1Teile und Vielfache von Einheiten52
    4.2Einheiten und Zahlen erfordern besondere Schreibweisen55
    5Protokollieren und Dokumentieren59
    5.1Labordokumente63
    5.2Grafiken63
    5.3Tabellen66
    5.4Formeln und Versuchsgeräte zeichnen68
    Teil II Quantifizieren
    6Stoffe wägen75
    7Volumina bemessen79
    7.1Laborgeräte zur Volumenmessung80
    7.2Gefäßkennzeichnung81
    7.3Mit Pipetten kompetent umgehen83
    7.4Auch Spritzen sind besondere Messgefäße88
    7.5Messkolben90
    7.6Büretten91
    7.7Reinigen von Glasgefäßen93
    8Temperatur und Temperieren95
    8.1Thermometer97
    8.2Erwärmen und Erhitzen100
    8.3Kühlen102
    9pH-Wert und Titrimetrie105
    9.1Berechnung des pH-Wertes107
    9.2Puffer-Systeme107
    9.3Bestimmung des pH-Wertes mit Indikatoren109
    9.4Potenziometrie: Messung des pH-Wertes mit der Glaselektrode111
    9.5Titrimetrie113
    10Dichte und Konzentration bestimmen117
    10.1Dichtebestimmung mit dem Aräometer118
    10.2Polarimetrie119
    11Mit Gasen arbeiten121
    11.1Farbkennzeichnung von Gasflaschen122
    11.2Sicherheitsaspekte beim Umgang mit Gasen124
    11.3Mit Gasen rechnen128
    11.4Arbeiten unter reduziertem Druck129
    Teil III Lösen, Mischen, Trennen
    12Lösungen, Stoffmengen und Konzentrationen135
    12.1Kolligative Eigenschaften135
    12.2Solvatation136
    12.3Lösemittelklassen137
    12.4Mengen- und Konzentrations angaben143
    12.5Das Avogadro'sche Gesetz152
    12.6Errechnen von Anteilen und Konzentrationen153
    13Stoffe trennen159
    13.1Fällung159
    13.2Filtration162
    13.3Destillation164
    13.4Schütteltrennung165
    14Zentrifugieren167
    14.1Rotoren und Zentrifugen168
    14.2Zentrifugationsverfahren169
    15Chromatographie und Elektrophorese173
    15.1Dünnschichtchromatographie trennt niedermolekulare Substanzen173
    15.2Papierchromatographie176
    15.3Grundzüge der Säulenchromatographie178
    15.4Ionenaustauschchromatographie178
    15.5Hochleistungs-Flüssigkeitschromatographie (HPLC)179
    15.6Elektrophorese nieder-und hochmolekularer Verbindungen181
    Teil IV Weitere Basistechniken
    16Mikroskopieren189
    16.1Funktionsteile eines Mikroskops190
    16.2Arbeitsplatzausstattung191
    16.3Vom Präparat zur Beobachtung193
    16.4Köhler sehe Beleuchtung195
    16.5Frisch- vs. Dauerpräparat196
    16.6Spezielle Beleuchtungsverfahren für spezielle Zwecke200
    16.7Dokumentation202
    16.8Instrumentenpflege202
    17Photo- und Spektrometrieren205
    17.1Spektroskopie und Photometrie206
    17.2Szintillations-Spektrometrie209
    18Proben trocknen211
    18.1Einfache Trocknungsverfahren211
    18.2Gefriertrocknung214
    19Sterilisation und steriles Arbeiten217
    19.1Wichtige Sterilisationsverfahren219
    19.2Sterilisation durch Erhitzen219
    19.3Sterilisation mit chemischen Mitteln220
    19.4Sterilisation durch Strahlen221
    19.5Sterilfiltration222
    19.6Steriles Arbeiten223
    20Tabellen, Farbtafeln und Übersichten225
    Literatur251
    Sachverzeichnis253