Aaron 109n, 223, 224, 254, 261
Abram/Abraham 78-80, 183,184,185, 190n, 197
Blessing of 184-185,186, 187, 188,
189,192, 196, 197
Prayer of 192-195, 196, 206, 209, 276
Adam 138-143
Sin of; see also Original Sin 23, 123, 128, 138-141,143, 173, 278, 281-282
Amram 55,262-263
"Angel of Darkness" 217, 258n, 259-261,
263, 264, 268,270, 271
"Angel of Hostility"; see also Mastema 186,
190n, 229-231,237, 255
Anthropology, Theological 22
Aristotle 96, 112, 121n 'Asa el 157-158, 164, 166n Atonement 70n, 71,87
Augustine 22,24
Aza 78n, 199n Azael 78n, 199n Azazel 199,247
Belial 28, 31,149, 184n, 186-190, 192, 196, 197,214,218-256, 270, 273, 274, 277, 278, 280, 281,283
Dominion of 189n, 221, 229-231, 240-
241, 242-243, 252, 253, 254, 260, 273, 279
Sons of/Children of 187, 192,218n, 240,
242, 248, 251-252
Traps of 220-226,253
Blood, Consumption of 83-84n, 174-176,
182, 183, 195
bly'l /béliyaal 28, 70n, 192, 218-219, 220n,
221,230, 231,240n bny h 'lhym/béné haélóhim ("sons of God")
77, 151-154, 159,161n, 170, 191
Cain 235-236
Choice; see Free Will/ Freedom of Choice Chrysippus' Cylinder 97n, 102n, 112n Circumcision 43, 45, 49, 87-88, 90,187, 192
Cleanthes 51,56,145n Commandments, Hidden 83, 84
Community Rule, Redaction of 84-90
Covenantal Texts 74-92, 220-226, 240- 248, 255, 277
Approach to Sin 27, 31, 74-92, 244, 255, 277
Definition of 74
Experiential Aspect of 92, 248, 277
Curses, Liturgical 233, 234,239-243, 248,
250, 254, 277
Demons 24, 30, 55, 56, 149, 154n, 166, 176, 177, 180, 181, 185, 186, 189, 190-197,203, 206, 207, 215, 217, 218, 219, 224, 226, 239, 240, 248, 249, 250, 277, 279, 283
Influence of 23, 24, 31, 51, 65,149, 158, 159, 167, 169, 175m, 177-217, 236, 239-252, 268, 275, 277, 278-281
Internalized View of 206, 275-276
Rule of 189-196,213,280,281
Determinism 22n, 25, 26, 30, 64, 67, 69-73, 95, 96, 11 In, 113, 255, 274
And Divine Omniscience 258
In Hellenistic Thought 96-97
In Stoic Thought 96, 97n, 102n, 111 n diaboulion 102-105
Distancing God from Sin 105,119,121,
126, 139, 170, 278
Divination 157, 164, 165
Divine Assistance against Sin 38, 39n, 40, 43, 45, 48, 49, 52, 54, 56, 58, 59, 62, 64, 66-71, 72, 117, 142, 177, 179, 189, 195, 199, 276, 278
Divine Court
And bene 'eldhim 15In Belial as Member of 188, 189, 196, 219
Mastema as Member of 180-181, 192, 195, 197, 202
Doctrine of Opposites 110-112, 118,278
Dualism 22n, 25,110-113, 124n, 150, 192, 196, 215-219, 224, 235, 237, 249, 253- 255, 259- 266, 269, 270,274
Election 30, 59, 64-65, 66-68, 68-69, 70-71,72, 108-112,118, 126, 276, 279
And Predestination 30, 67n InBenSira 108-112, 118
In Philo 126
In Sectarian Prayer 59, 64-65, 68-69, 71, 72, 276, 279
Enochic Judaism 23n, 24
Esau 144-145,281
Eschaton 141, 216, 221, 226, 231, 233, 237,
240, 251, 252, 254, 260, 266-270, 279
Essenes 31-32
Eve, Sin of; see also Adam, Sin of and Origi- nal Sin 34n, 113-114, 118, 123, 139, 140n, 173, 278, 281-282
Evil
Natural vs. Moral 26, 27,119,122,181, 184, 186
Periodization of 204, 240, 254, 260, 273, 278-279
"Evil Heart" 129-135, 138, 139, 141, 142, 282
Evil Inclination; see also ysr and ysr hr 19- 22, 46-48, 58, 123, 129,130n, 138-139, 141-142,144, 189n, 193, 277, 280-281, 282,283
And Dualism 20,124n Rabbinic View of 20-21, 39n, 64,115, 124n, 235, 280
Evil, Natural 163,167, 181,183
Exorcism/Expulsion of Demonic Spirits
24, 194n, 200n, 201-202
Fate 30
Flesh/bsr 60-63, 162n
Pauline Dichotomy with Spirit 22, 63
Flood, The 157-159, 166, 172
Free Will/Freedom of Choice 22n, 25, 26, 54-56, 72, 74, 85, 81-83, 87, 88-92, 95, 104-105, 118, 124-127, 128, 140- 142, 149, 150, 176, 195, 237,244, 255, 258n, 274, 277, 278
gr (Rebuke) 46-47
Gender in Second Temple Works 32
Gentiles 144-146, 184, 188,190- 192, 196,
197, 238, 255, 281
Giants 153, 156, 157, 159, 160-162, 166,
167, 172, 174n, 198, 199
Gospels 23n, 24
gwrl; see LotIgwrl
hps (Desire, Want) 104
Human Helplessness against Sin 52, 56, 58,61-62, 69, 92, 117-118, 178-179, 195, 275,276
Human Nature, Pessimistic View of 43-44, 45, 47, 52,61-63, 68,71, 115, 120, 121, 126, 142
Idol Worship 166, 182, 183n, 195
Incantations, Definition of 200n Isaac, Binding of 180n, 184,185n Knowledge, Forbidden 157, 158-159, 160n, 163-167
Of Magic 157,164, 165
Lamashtu/Pashittu 180
Law, Importance of 43, 51-52,116-118, 131-133, 137, 141, 142, 174-176, 195, 205,216, 278, 280-281
Lot Igwrl 54n, 239-240, 241-248,255, 269,
277
Luther 22
"Masochistic Sublime" 56n, 61, 72
Mastema 31, 149, 179, 180-187, 192,195- 197, 201, 219, 225, 227n, 229, 230, 234, 237,255, 256, 278
Melki-resa 233, 248-254, 255, 261n, 263, 270
Melki-sedeq 248, 249, 253, 255, 261n, 263, 270
Michael (Angel) 235, 237, 255, 270
Moses 183, 185, 187-192, 196, 197, 223, 224, 261
Prayer of 187-192, 196, 197, 215,281
Nepilim 77n, 153, 161, 174, 178n, 206n Noah 55, 173-179, 181, 186, 192, 195, 197, 215n
Prayer of 55, 177-179, 186, 187,188, 189, 197
Noahide Injunctions 173-176,175n Original Sin 23, 113-114, 138-141, 143,
173n, 278, 281-282
Pauline Thought 22, 28, 63, 64n, 132, 143, 280, 282
Persian Influence 271-273, 279
Pharisees 223n, 225n Philosophy of Action 27
Plato 57, 96, 121, 123, 125n, 223n Prayer 37-73, 198-217, 275-276
Apotropaic 27, 51, 56, 65-66, 131,150,
178, 186,189, 193, 194, 196,198-217, 240, 253, 267, 276, 278, 279
Embedded in Narrative 55-56, 72-73, 276
Experiential Aspect 55, 58, 72, 92, 276
Genre and Approach to Sin 27, 31, 55,
60, 92,115, 126, 275-276
Hellenistic 56-57
Hittite 56
Mesopotamian 56
Nonsectarian 37-55, 57-58, 72-73, 215,216
Sectarian 59-73, 179, 201, 202, 206, 215, 216, 240, 276
Predestination 22n, 30, 66-68, 71-72, 73,
82, 83, 84, 108, 236, 263, 264, 266, 268
"Prince of Light" 217, 223, 235, 237, 254,
258n, 259-264, 270, 271
psyche 102n
Purification from Sin 40-42, 62-64, 70,
208-209,212, 268, 276
Pythagorean Influence 112-113, 278
Qumran Community, Identity of 24, 31 - 32
Responsibility, Human 48, 52, 54, 58, 91,
104, 105, 136,140, 141, 142, 245, 277, 278
rswn/ rasón (Will) 77-81, 277
Semantic Range of 80
Satan ¡satán 21n, 46, 47-48, 180, 182, 184,
186n, 188, 192, 209,210n Semihaza 156, 157, 158, 160n, 164, 166n Sin
And the Gentile 144-146, 189-190,
191-192, 196,197, 238, 255, 281
And the Nonmember 88-90, 91, 92, 221-225, 226, 231, 237, 238, 240, 243- 245, 247-248, 277, 280
Anthropology of 22
As Disease/Affliction 38- 44, 51, 58, 131,275
As Foolishness/Lack of Wisdom 50-51, 56-57, 96n, 145, 222-223, 224, 227, 231,238, 277
As Impurity 40-41
Definition of 26-27
In Christian Theology 22-23
Internal Experience of 44, 49, 58, 88, 196, 201, 206, 209, 215, 268,269, 274, 276
Physicality of 59-61, 68-72
"Sons of God"; see bene haeldhim Spirit/nv/z 63, 162n, 193n
And Persian Terminology 46n Pauline Dichotomy with Flesh 22, 63
Semantic Range 46n Spirits, Evil 162, 166, 168, 169,177-184, 188, 190n, 192, 194, 195, 197, 200-209, 226n, 231, 235-237, 240, 252, 260,281
sryrwt lb (Stubbornness) 78, 80-82, 85-86, 243-244
Stoic Thought 96-97, 111-112, 145n Theodicy 93,97,99, 137
Definition of 93
Torah Study, Defense against Sin 39n, 51 -
52, 131-137, 141, 195, 280
Watchers 31, 76-78,144, 149,151-168, 170-176,177-178, 180-181, 191, 195- 197, 198-207,253, 278
Wicked Priest, The 87
Will; see rswn
Wife, Wicked 113-114, 118,281
Wisdom Texts and Approach to Sin 27, 31,
50-51, 93-127, 128-142,274, 278
Xenophanes 57, 119-120n ysr/yeser 19, 20, 21-22,44,46-47, 58, 65- 66, 76n, 86-87, 98-105, 114-115n, 115, 116, 121, 145, 193, 281
Biblical Meaning of 47, 86,193
Demonic Influences and 21-22n, 193- 194
In Ben Sira 98-105, 114-115n, 115, 116
Rabbinic View of 19-20, 21n, 46, 99, 100
Terminological Studies of 20
ysr bsr 60
ysrhmr 60,61
ysr r'/yeser hara\ see also Evil Inclination
19-21,46-48, 99-100
Zoroastrian Influence; see Persian Influence
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