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| Preface and Acknowledgments | vii | |
| Notes on Calculations of Concentration | ix | |
| 1 Nutrition Labeling Using a Computer | ||
| Program | 1 | |
| A Preparing Nutrition Labels for Sample | ||
| Yogurt Formulas | 3 | |
| B Adding New Ingredients to a Formula | ||
| and Determining How They Influence | ||
| the Nutrition Label | 4 | |
| C An Example of Reverse Engineering | ||
| in Product Development | 5 | |
| 2 | Assessment of Accuracy and Precision | 9 |
| 3 | Determination of Moisture Content | 17 |
| A Forced Draft Oven | 19 | |
| B Vacuum Oven | 21 | |
| C Microwave Drying Oven | 22 | |
| D Rapid Moisture Analyzer | 22 | |
| E Toluene Distillation | 22 | |
| F Karl Fischer | 23 | |
| G Near Infrared Analyzer | 25 | |
| 4 | Determination of Fat Content | 29 |
| A Soxhlet Method | 31 | |
| B Goldfish Method | 33 | |
| C Mojonnier Method | 34 | |
| D Babcock Method | 35 | |
| 5 | Protein Nitrogen Determination | 39 |
| A Kjeldahl Nitrogen Method | 41 | |
| B Nitrogen Combustion Method | 43 | |
| 6 Phenol-Sulfuric Acid Method for | ||
| Total Carbohydrates | 47 | |
| 8 | Complexometric Determination of Calcium | 61 |
| A EDTA Titrimetric Method for Testing | ||
| Hardness of Water | 63 | |
| B Test Strips for Water Hardness | 65 | |
| 9 Iron Determination in Meat Using | ||
| Ferrozine Assay | 69 | |
| 10 Sodium Determination Using Ion Selective | ||
| Electrodes, Mohr Titration, and Test Strips | 75 | |
| A Ion Selective Electrodes | 77 | |
| B Mohr Titration | 79 | |
| C Quantab® Test Strips | 81 | |
| 11 Sodium and Potassium Determinations by Atomic | ||
| Absorption Spectroscopy and Inductively Coupled | ||
| Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy | 87 | |
| 12 | Standard Solutions and Titratable Acidity | 95 |
| A Preparation and Standardization | ||
| of Base and Acid Solutions | 97 | |
| B Titratable Acidity and pH | 99 | |
| 13 | Fat Characterization | 103 |
| A Saponification Value | 105 | |
| B Iodine Value | 106 | |
| C Free Fatty Acid Value | 108 | |
| D Peroxide Value | 109 | |
| E Thin-Layer Chromatography Separation | ||
| of Simple Lipids | 111 | |
| 14 Fish Muscle Proteins: Extraction, Quantitation, | ||
| and Electrophoresis | 115 | |
| 15 Enzyme Analysis to Determine Glucose | ||
| Content | 123 | |
| 7 Vitamin C Determination by Indophenol | ||
| Method | 55 | |
| 16 | Gliadin Detection in Food by Immunoassay | 129 |
| 17 | Examination of Foods for Extraneous Materials | 137 |
| A Extraneous Matter in Soft Cheese | 140 | |
| B Extraneous Matter in Jam | 140 | |
| C Extraneous Matter in Infant Food | 141 | |
| D Extraneous Matter in Potato Chips | 141 | |
| E Extraneous Matter in Citrus Juice | 142 | |
| 18 | High Performance Liquid Chromatography | 145 |
| A Determination of Caffeine in Beverages | ||
| by HPLC | 147 | |
| B Solid-Phase Extraction and HPLC | ||
| Analysis of Anthocyanidins from Fruits | ||
| and Vegetables | 149 | |
| 19 | Gas Chromatography | 155 |
| A Determination of Methanol and Higher | ||
| Alcohols In Wine by Gas Chromatography | 157 | |
| B Preparation of Fatty Acid Methyl | ||
| Esters (FAMEs), and Determination | ||
| of Fatty Acid Profile of Oils by Gas | ||
| Chromatography | 159 | |
| 20 Viscosity Measurement Using a Brookfield | ||
| Viscometer | 165 | |
| 21 Calculation of CIE Color Specifications | ||
| from Reflectance or Transmittance Spectra | 171 | |
